Dynamic actions of proteins, such as the conformational change and protein-protein interactions, are crucial to their biological functions. To reveal dynamic behaviors of proteins, single-molecule approaches are indispensable because the protein motions are usually unsynchronized and therefore difficult to monitor with ensemble-averaged experiments. We are developing and implementing novel single-molecule techniques based on high-speed atomic force microscopy (HS-AFM), enabling real-time visualization of molecules in action and dlucidate function mechanisms of biological molecules with dynamic actions relevant to unique functions.
